Ferdinand Marcos

 

(Ferdinand Marcos, September 11, 1917 - September 28, 1989), Philippine politician, dictator, former Philippine president, ruled the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.

  Marcos was a lawyer and was imprisoned for allegedly assassinating his father's political rivals, but was later acquitted. During the Second World War, Marcos participated in the Philippine Autonomous Army, engaged in guerrilla activities against the Japanese army; and escaped in the death march of Bataan. The operational experience of Marcos became the political basis for Marcos. After the end of the war against Japan, he became a political figure. In 1946, he became the technical assistant of the first president of the Republic after the independence of the Republic, Manuel Rojas. In 1957 he became the leader of the Philippine Liberals. In 1963, he became the head of the Senate. In December 1965, Ferdinand; Marcos defeated the campaign opponent with a majority overwhelmingly elected as the sixth president of the Philippines after independence in 1964. Re-elected in 1969, on August 21, 1972, the termination of the Personal Protection Act was announced, and on September 21, the military administration was implemented nationwide under the name of saving the Republic and establishing a new society. During his tenure, he took economic development as his main goal, implemented a rice self-sufficiency plan, encouraged the introduction of foreign capital, and committed to the systematization of foreign-related bills to eliminate private armed forces and the Philippine Communist Party. Diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, China, Cuba and Eastern European countries were established diplomatically without abandoning the West.

 

On May 1, 1954, after 11 days of lightning-like love, Marcos was tied to the tall, well-dressed, and Imelda, known as the "Tacloban Rose." From then on, Marcos in the full cooperation of Imelda with the official promotion of the prosperous, skyrocketing.

  At the beginning of the ruling, Marcos also did quite a lot. He implemented "agrarian reform" and launched a "green revolution", focusing on education and enlightening the people's wisdom, and achieved certain results. Since 1976, food has been self-sufficient. Since 1977, food can be exported in small quantities. All this gave him the opportunity to be re-elected in 1969 (according to the laws of the Philippines at the time, the president could only hold one session for four years). However, in 1969, when Marcos reelected the presidency, the social contradictions in the Philippines were inconsistent with his conflicts at the beginning of 1965, political chaos, high crime rates, and the world winds.

By the summer of 1972, Marcos saw that the second term of the presidency was about to expire and began to hold the post of president. In order to achieve his long-term rule of the Philippines and the establishment of the Marcos dynasty, he signed the "Military martial law" on September 21, 1972. It announced the implementation of military control throughout the country, arrested opposition leader Benigno Aquino and thousands of so-called "subversives" and banned assemblies, marches and strikes. Ten years of military control began. In 1972, a new constitution was promulgated in the second year, and the American-style presidential system was changed to a British-style responsibility cabinet system, stipulating that the president would concurrently serve as prime minister during the military administration.

In order to maintain the autocratic rule, Marcos was a crony and cultivated the party. His wife, Imelda, has been the mayor of Metro Manila since 1975, and was informally appointed as the heir to the president in 1978. In 1979, he was appointed chairman of the cabinet meeting of ministers and became the most powerful of the Philippines. character. Their only son, Peng Peng, served as governor of the province of Ilocos. Imelda’s brother, Kokoy, first served as governor of Wright, and later as ambassador to China and ambassador to the United States. The new Socialist Party headed by Marcos controls 88% of the seats in the National Assembly and 90% of the provincial and mayor positions in the country. Commanders of the armed forces, the General Staff, the General Staff, the Commander of the Presidential Palace, the Director of the National Security Intelligence, and the Commander of the Capital Police Force are also mostly loyal to his fellow Ilocos provinces.

Under the harsh rule of Marcos, the parliament was in vain, the party activities were absolutely forbidden, and a large number of politicians, journalists, and students who opposed him were trapped. "The people of the country are afraid to speak, the road is on the way." At the same time, the Marcos and the couple are relying on power. Use all means to engage in malpractice and misappropriation of public funds. Their property has grown dramatically. When Marcos was a member of parliament, he was given the nickname "Mr. 10%." Before taking office as president, after the president, especially in 1972, the "10%" was gradually open and institutionalized. As a result, any business, investment, and business in the Philippines must be tribute to the Majia scent and rebate. Otherwise, An administrative order or telephone call can make you bankrupt.

1, change the skirt 10 times a day

For the accusations of the outside world, Imelda said that the First Lady needs to be the model of all women - both smart and beautiful, but also rich and generous. There are 5,000 skirts hanging in her closet, and she has to change her skirt 7 times a day, sometimes even 10 times.

2, a shopping spend 5 million US dollars

In addition to the skirt, Imelda has 3,500 pairs of shoes. Imelda said that these shoes were given by the manufacturers. After Arroyo was elected president, he hated Imelda very much and confiscated all her shoes. Imelda once went shopping in New York and spent $5 million a night, which is also a trivial matter.

3, jewelry up to 100 kg

Imelda’s jewels, such as the necklace ring bracelet, weighed 100 kilograms and were later confiscated by the government. She also admits that her weakness is that she likes expensive cars.

After ruling in 1965 and stepping down in 1985, the wealth of the Marcos family skyrocketed from the initial tens of thousands of dollars to the later $5 billion to $10 billion. After the overthrow of the Marcos regime, the Filipino people were shocked and angry at the extravagance of Immelda. In the home of Imelda, the precious French perfume was crowded with her dressing table, and the washbasin she used to wash her face turned out to be It is gold plated.

Even more shocking is the wardrobe, the large and spacious closet, in addition to hundreds of European luxury clothing, there are 2,000 pairs of light gloves, more than 1,700 small bags, and there are 5,000 shorts, as for leather shoes, Its value and quantity are even more shocking to the world, not only the number of 3,000 pairs, but also all expensive brands, as for other bras, socks and the like is even more difficult. The incident shocked the whole world, and the "Imelda's shoes" has since become a symbol of the ultimate in luxury.

After arriving at Clark's US military base by helicopter, the Marcos wanted to return to the province of Ilocos, but the development of the situation forced them to dispel the idea. Therefore, they can only transfer to the intercontinental transport aircraft of the United States and travel to Honolulu, Hawaii via Guam. Just off the plane, the Marcos family and their entourage were placed at the Hickam Air Force Base Guest House on the outskirts of Honolulu. However, his 300-box baggage was detained by the Hawaii Customs. Among them are 22 cases of peso new banknotes (approximately US$1.2 million), two Philippine bank deposit certificates equivalent to US$1.8 million, 15 boxes of gold, diamonds, jewellery, watches and clocks, as well as a large number of precious art, securities and real estate leases. ... The US Customs registered these items one by one and handed over the 2,300-page list of assets to the new Philippine government on March 18.

Immediately after the new government led by Mrs. Aquino came to power, he ordered the freezing of all assets of Marcos and his relatives and friends in the country, and established a clean government committee headed by Salonga to investigate the property of the Marcos family at home and abroad. After three years of arduous investigation, the Integrity Commission initially identified the assets of the Marcos family as follows:

In the Philippines, there are 4,500 acres of real estate, 5,000 acres of land, 23 farms, 232 companies, 18 television stations, 36 radio stations, 29 aircraft, 13 yachts, and $1 billion in cash. A few tons of gold and jewels are worth $1 billion.

In the United States, 4 office buildings in Manhattan, New York, Beverly Hills Villa in Los Angeles, and Honolulu Villas in Hawaii. Cash and jewellery is $700 million. In Switzerland, bank deposits are $1 billion.

In Australia, more than $500 million. In Brazil, there are at least $300 million. In addition, in the Hong Kong, Indonesia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the Bahamas and other countries and regions, the Marcos family also has a large amount of property deposits. These findings, far from the actual assets of the Marcos family, I am afraid that no one can tell.

Published By : Seow Ji Kian

Reference Link : 

"Ferdinand Marcos" by Wikipedia, 25 July 2018.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos